PARR Testing in Feline Gastrointestinal Disease: When Is It Truly Helpful?
Lymphoplasmacytic enteritis. Small cell lymphoma cannot be excluded. Before reaching for PARR to resolve that uncertainty, the more reliable fix is often sampling depth and distribution — not PCR. A practical guide to when clonality testing actually moves the needle in feline GI disease.
Tired of Hedging in Your Pathology Reports? Here's What to Do About It
If your pathology reports frequently say 'consistent with' or 'cannot exclude,' the tissue isn't the problem. The context is. Here's what to include to get a more definitive answer.
Special Stains vs. Immunohistochemistry: What They Are and When Your Pathologist Uses Each
When your pathology report recommends additional testing, it's either chemistry or antibodies — and the choice between them tells you a lot about what question the case is raising.